PrepWorksheet Moms Terry Schiller Essay

1.) Position: Tyler wants to sell the series Mom.com Interest: Due to overall sales for Hollyville being below projections and Terry’s personal performance evalution being based year-end booked sales it is critical for him to make a sale. 2.) Position: No more than 8 runs, no financing deal beyond 3 years and upfront payment of around 50%. 3.) Interest: Do not breach any company implemented restrictions and try to be very close to company practice in regards to terms. 4.) Position: Interest: 5.) Position: He wants to have a good relationship with WCHI Interest: Tyler wants to keep a good relationship, as there most certainly will be other points of contacts for sales in the future with WCHI. 1.) Position: Be the independent television station that shows Moms.com Interest: It is interested in improving its audience demographics, and the target audience of the series Moms.com is the most attractive one for advertisers. Getting this audience might be possible to keep a least part of this group longer-term. Especially as WILL for example focusses on men. 2.) Position: Regain audience leadershipe Interest: 3.) Position: Have strong new programs and avoiding competitor getting such programs Interest: 4.) Position: Do not overpay Moms Interest: According to the information given WCHI is in a financially stable  position again, so while price is always important it might be not as critical as the other points. In addition as WCHI needs strong programs and Hollyville is one of the Top 7 providers it is interested in keeping a good relationship. BATNA Including Junior: RESERVATION PRICE Including Junior: Assuming that my estimation of the demographic rating 5-6 is probably a bit too optimistic or at the least the buyer will be for safety reasons be a bit more conservative, I expect that he predicts the range to be in the 4-5 range. Based on this and the given numbers his revenue should be around 9 Mio.. Subtracting the costs of Moms.com TARGET/ ASPIRATION As by the attached calculation, my target would be to reach: Licence price of 60.000 Have the amounts of run limited to 5 Financing of 50% upfront, 25% year 1 and 25% year 2. My aim is to keep junior, however if necessary by my contingency plan I will create a bundled deal of Moms and Junior if necessary and the total outcome (based on Junior bringing in an additional 1.000.000) would be similar to my target without Junior. Target of paying not more than Try to create a package including another TV series and programme and get a rebate for the bundle of two programmes. WHAT IS YOUR OPENING MOVE? INITIAL STRATEGYAND CONTINGENCY PLANS: Opening move: My opening move will be to start with a very positive note and by trying to formulate my first offer sort as a favoru. We would be very delightful in working together as partners with WCHI, building a long-term relationship. With great pleasure I could offer him the very successful series Moms.com a year earlier than anticipated. Overall on paper at least the situation looks like both parties have in certain areas slightly different needs and by finding trade-offs could increase the value for both. Initial strategy: The initial strategy would be to continue to built trust, to gather information, to give in exchange information and to ask questions. It will be critical to find out which of the points to discuss are very critical for him, especially points I have strict company limits. As the amount of runs is an important point of Hollyville it will be important to find out how critical it is for WCHI and what he had in mind. My focus will be to understand if for WCHI a repetition of the series above 6 is critical and regards any value for him. Of course using series more often reduces costs, however at some stage there will be a trade-off as at least part of the audience will get bored of the repetition and will switch to other stations. I have prepared for the first three rounds for each round three bundles which differentiate (higher price but better financing conditions and more runs) in different points slightly which however in total cost roughly the same to find out his preferences. With that information I can propose new deals during the negotiation reducing the total price from being very high at the start round by round a bit. As by the situation of Hollyville needs to have future sale which lots of competition ( and WCHI being interested in The lucrative business is to to sell to independeant but only 4 there, Make multiple offers simultaneously Effective negotiators look for opportunities to create value by making trades across multiple issues Contingency Plan: Try to sell the bundle of Juniors and Moms.com to WCHI for at least Try to decide on a bonus/ discount if the rating of the audience is higher or lower than expected after each year Without putting under pressure making him understand that there are of course other potential buyers I would then make a few proposals with are all a bit higher. I will explain my pricing by telling him that the following points would justify this higher price: Moms achieved a 20 rating and 30 share in prime time, the series targets the demographic group with the highest advertising rates, making it idea for the for independent stations so important 6:00pm slot. In addition, as he would know, first-run network television programs typically  incur a 20% loss. need to exchange information about their preferences and priorities. One of the critical discussion points I expect to be, is the different assessment of the rating within the primary demographic category as this is what defines the revenue and therefor the value for the buyer which ultimately influences his maximal acceptable pricing. As the difference on the revenue of being in the group 5-6 or only one below is pretty substantial, my idea would be in case we stuck there to finalize a deal and its pricing where we agree on assuimg the series will be in on or the other rating group. We will then fix in our deal that after the first year we will check in which rating group the series ended up. Depending on the decided rating group and outcome the buyer would receive a discount in case the real rating group was below the expected one or would need to pay a bonus in case it was above the expected rating group. Contingency Plan: If the negotiations get stuck, I will explain Kim that of course there is concrete interest by competitors for the series (without telling any concrete numbers). However we had Hollyville would be very interested in finding in working together. I would then offer a deal including Junior in the package. It is not the most profitable product for us but will make the overall deal more attractive for WCHI. Try to sell the bundle of Juniors and Moms.com to WCHI for at least Try to decide on a bonus/ discount if the rating of the audience is higher or lower than expected after each year.

Novel “Parvana” Essay

Deborah Ellis novel Parvana explores how human can survive in near to impossible situations and misfortune, however Parvana not only survives but thrives. The novel is set in Afghanistan at the height of the theocracy where her father has lost a leg her brother has been killed by a mine and her mother is undergoing extreme stress. However things take a turn for the worst when they thought nothing else could happen, and her father is taken away by the Taliban so she is forced to dress up as a boy and provide an income for the family. Parvana is chosen to do the work for the family then why didn’t her mother dress up as a boy instead or her older sister? It is true that she supported her father every day at the market but is it really right to pick a girl that isn’t even a teenager? Well the answer in quite simple yes the reason being this being her family believes that she is the only family member able to undergo the transformation in gender as well as the mental transf ormation. Once Parvana father is taken away by the Taliban nothing will ever be the same even if he does come back. So Parvana is forced to give up certain aspects of her and her family’s lives in order to insure the family survival an example of this is when she dresses up as a boy in order to go outside, this is a major change to Parvana life because she most definitely did not do this previously, however the differences don’t just stop at family routines if you like and visual differences but also effects the family mentally for example as time goes by Parvana becomes braver and stroner however her mum does not benefit as much and becomes disheartened and depressed.

The Four Goals of Psychology

I would like to talk about the four goals of psychology and if I believe they help or hare humanity. The four goals of psychology are description, explanation, prediction, and changing. I will talk about each of them in order and try to put them in as much detail as I can. The First goal I would like to talk about is description. When psychologist are describing behavior they are attempting to understand what is normal, acceptable, and if it is unhealthy or not.The behavior that they mostly try to observe is thoughts, feelings, goals, attitudes, motivations, actions and reactions to their surroundings. They use test, studies, and exc. , to try to explain human behavior. I personally think this is important for goal for psychology. If they wouldn’t try to describe human behavior they wouldn’t be able to start trying to figure out why they are the way they are. The second goal is explanation of behavior. Explanations are usually limited because most of the time it is cult urally restricted.Explanation is often determined through qualitative and quantitative observation, including explanation. I think this very important to psychology. If weren’t able to give an explanation to why someone has the behavior that they do, and there probably wouldn’t psychology. The third goal of psychology is prediction. Psychology tries to predict human behavior. They try to predict it so that they can determine how or when a person will make a good or bad choice or how they will perform in their surroundings. I think this is good and bad to have in psychology.I believe that sometimes you can predict how someone’s behavior might be based on their past history, but it doesn’t always work. For example if a student had a hard time in high school with writing papers and paying attention and then they go to college, doesn’t mean that they are going to have the same problem. Who knows they might actually be more focused in class. The last go al to psychology is changing. Modifying can be good or bad, but within ethical constraints. Psychology attempts to voluntary encourage individuals and groups to modify behaviors for a long term health gain.Personality and development theories differ in how to promote behavior change. Some behaviorists believe repetitive enforcement, while positives believe in honest cognitive discourse. Psychology can be used in education, social corrections, and organizations structures to elect preferred behaviors and attitudes for the environment. I think this last goal about changing is one of the most important goals psychology has. I believe we all have some stuff in are behavior we need to change. You might ask yourself what behavior problems do I need to change? The answer is in yourself.You are the only one that really knows your problems, even if it’s only a small problem it’s still there. When I was younger I thought there was nothing wrong with me even though I kept getting in trouble, but as I got older a had a family I had to change my hole troubled behavior around, so my kids don’t grow up like me. I think it was the best thing I have ever done and now look where I’m at. I think all the goals in their own way is important is kind of important to psychology. I told you why I thought each individual on is important, now I’ll tell you why I think they all are important together.I think if you took even just one of goals out or even replaced it with some other goal it would mess up the whole structure of psychology. Without them having these goals psychology probably would not exist or even if it still did exist would probably not make since. In my essay I am talking about psychology and its 4 goals. I am also adding rather I think they are important or not. All of these are reflecting my opinion and not anyone else’s. Opinions my Change depending on the person. I hope you learned something from this essay or it helps in you study of psychology’s 4 goals.

Blog about Public Relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Blog about Public Relations - Essay Example This is what ethics commands. But take for instance one would like to get votes from people and yet his score card is very low. He or she might resort to propaganda as a PR tool. He will boast of projects he or she did not initiate and in the end people might trust him. The politicians might also say false information about their opponents in order to gain political mileage. Though unethical it might lower the PR of the opponent. Governments may also resort to unethical means in order to maintain their PR. They may promise things they know they cannot fulfill. For example, the government may promise to employ all its citizens in the period of about three years when it well knows this is not possible. This would be propaganda which is unethical but it really works in most cases. Ethics means doing the right thing. Every government or organizations needs to employ ethics in its undertakings in order to raise their public relations. Public relation is how an individual, organization, or government is perceived by others. It is a communication tool. Some individuals, organizations have resorted to propaganda in order to raise their public relations but this discussion argues otherwise (Moloney, 2006). It is important to give the right information in order to raise your public relations. Let us for example take a business organization. The business may try to give false information about their products in order to realize higher sales. This might work at the start but as people realize they might shun away from such a business. This will lower the public image of such an organization. It is just important to do everything ethically in the business and this will help raise your business PR (Campbell and Scaife, 1998). Governments must also do the right things in order to raise their PR. A government may fool its citizens once, twice but not forever. Once the people

Cost, Benefits and Effects of Inward Direct Investment Literature review

Cost, Benefits and Effects of Inward Direct Investment - Literature review Example According to Mondy (2013) Inward foreign direct investment is seen as a spillover superior technology hence extending to domestically owned firms. Foreign-owned firms are seen as the main cause for increasing wage levels in a host’s countries and also lead to higher productivity compared to local firms. Also, the impact of inward foreign direct investment is witnessed in promoting exports of host countries. There is a spillover of production skills which have transformed the economies of host countries (Mondy, 2013). Much of the impact is seen when knowledge of the world market is transferred from foreign-owned firms to domestically owned firms. Introduction FDI refers to Foreign Direct Investment; the investment can be into a business or production of the country by another country or an individual of another country. This investment can either be by expanding production of existing firms in the target country or by coming up with a new business in the target country.  In d eveloping countries, FDI and exports are the key elements that lead to the growth of this country’s economy. Countries which dominate the largest part of the world’s economy, for instance, United State of America are mainly foreign direct investors. Impacts of inward direct investment can either be long term or short term (Cainelli et al., 2004). Short term effects include an increase in the production of existing companies. On the other hand, long term effects include impairing local innovations as foreign investors tend to control the economy in the long run. Inward foreign direct investment It has been suggested Cainelli et al., (2004) inward foreign direct investment (IFDI) is said to encourage innovativeness on local firms, through investing in the existing local business. This will encourage the use of modern technology in productivity, leading to an increase in production by local firms. Cash flow in local firms will increase due to modern advanced technology. I ncrease in innovation levels by local firms is due to knowledge brought in by foreign investors to domestic investors. Creation of job opportunities is witnessed in local firms since there is an increase in the wage rate which makes domestic workers remain in a local firm. Outputs in local firms relatively increase due to the advancement in technical supply requirement leading to economic growth in target countries. It is also believed that investing in foreign companies and individual posses’ technological superiority comparative to those of host countries.

Teaching Assistant's Handbook Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Teaching Assistant's Handbook - Assignment Example 1. Learning activities, materials and/or equipment, the organization of pupils, staff, and parent helpers are differentiated by the teacher to ensure that the â€Å"programme of work enables pupils to develop in the manner, and the rate, most appropriate to them† (p.145). This provides pupils with learning activities that offer a â€Å"variety of learning modes and experiences, and a fair balance of both mental and physical activity† (p.145).2. Pupils are arranged by ability groups for enhanced social and communication learning that is appropriate to their developmental level. 3. In order to encourage continuity and progression, established routines and systems are within the classroom that is similar to the whole school's routines and systems. 4. Praise and encouragement are used by staff towards pupils in the form of â€Å"positive feedback, continuous assessment, and clear explanations† in order to continue and promote steady progress made by the pupils.5. Chi ldren are monitored within the classroom by the teacher and the teaching assistant in order to match learning activities and resources to individual learning needs. As a teaching assistant, their role in planning and preparing learning activities involves meeting with the teacher regularly to discuss the â€Å"teacher's lesson plans, the objectives of the learning activities†, what the teacher's expectations are of the teaching assistant's contributions to learning activities and the type and level of support for pupils that is expected (p.130).... Her profile indicates that she has difficulty concentrating and is easily distracted. This would indicate that she has a short attention span and would require shorter, more interactive lesson activities in order to improve her learning. Activity 2. Task A. 1. Learning activities, materials and/or equipment, the organisation of pupils, staff and parent helpers are differentiated by the teacher to ensure that the â€Å"programme of work enables pupils to develop in the manner, and the rate, most appropriate to them† (p.145). This provides pupils with learning activities that offer a â€Å"variety of learning modes and experiences, and a fair balance of both mental and physical activity† (p.145). 2. Pupils are arranged by ability groups for enhanced social and communication learning that it appropriate to their developmental level. The groups are adjusted as the pupils learning needs change. 3. In order to encourage continuity and progression, established routines and sys tems are within the classroom that are similar to the whole schools routines and systems. 4. Praise and encouragement are used by staff towards pupils in the form of â€Å"positive feedback, continuous assessment and clear explanations† in order to continue and promote steady progress made by the pupils. 5. Children are monitored within the classroom by the teacher and the teaching assistant in order to match learning activities and resources to individual learning needs. Task B. As a teaching assistant, their role in planning and preparing learning activities involves meeting with the teacher regularly to discuss the â€Å"teacher's lesson plans, the objectives of the learning activities†, what the

Article Review - Chapter 5 Ethics Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Review - Chapter 5 Ethics - Article Example She gave few suggestions to overcome such practices in business and other organizations as well. Ms Fatany described some of the King Abdullah’s steps to stop corrupt practices. She also documented the measures of King Abdullah when floods hit Jeddah (Fatany, n.d.). According to her, despite that Saudi government signed many agreements to tackle corruption but without the participation of peoples these reforms cannot be fruitful. Later on she presented some of the ideas in order to overcome corruption and the ways through which ethical practices can be introduced in different organizations. She also documented benefits of ethical practices and believed that integrating ethical practices in business would increase the productivity. She said in order to create healthy environment, it is necessary to disclose corrupt doings and embrace those involved in such practices (Fatany, n.d.). She believed that cooperation of all governmental departments is necessary to carry out serious improvements. She note did that in today’s world concentrates more on discipline, ethical legislation, judicial accountability and judicial transparence (Fatany, n.d.). Though Ms Fanaty presented good research work on the importance of ethical practices but she didn’t present any example of which shows the improvement the organization through ethical doings. Therefore this shows lack of support to her

Organizational communication. Focus on BP website Essay

Organizational communication. Focus on BP website - Essay Example They aim to create and enhance value of the shareholders and meet the growing demand of energy. The aim is to create a safer and stronger BP that can utilise its capabilities and strength in their downstream business, value chains, managing the giant fields, deep sea operations and explorations. All these activities are underpinned by innovating through technology and building strong relationship with the communities, partners and the government (BP. 2012). How is computer mediated communication used in this communication domain? Computer mediated Communication facilitates in creating a new communication environment in which individuals can interact. The tools that are used for this computer mediated communication mainly includes the emails, group chats, communication forums such as mail groups, discussion group and billboards that occupies a significant amount and space in peoples life. CMC uses a wide range of technologies for helping individuals to interact by sharing information that includes web pages too. CMC provides a communication media and space in which people can form communities and interact between each other. CMC has become an integral part of everybody’s life (Barnes, 2002). ... Internet brings in the elements of both mass communication and human. Interactivity which is a very important aspect of the CMC; internet is seen to facilitate the process of communication (Rafaeli and Sudweeks, 1997 cite in Thurlow and Tomic et al., 2004). The interactions are not only seen to distribute social goods but also provide clear structure to work. The internet is a medium that provides two ways communication and feedback. In case of BP they are struggling hard to establish themselves as a leader in safety, a responsible corporate citizen, world-class operator and as good employer. They are trying hard to gain back the trust from their stakeholders and provide a growth in their values. They look at maintaining trust among the people present inside and outside the company. Their aim to gain trust is through dealing fairly and responsible in whatever they do. The performance of the organization is closely monitored by the management and the same is reported in a transparent manner. For this they strongly rely on open communication and dialogue are given high importance if they are meant to meet the expectation of the local communities in which they operate, shareholders, customers and the employees. BP is well known among the researchers for using collaborative technology in dealing with communication (Majchrzak and Rice, et al., 2000). Some year ago BP has provided an elaboration in the London Times and regarding their learning about some key technologies that helped them deep sea exploration by collaborating with Shell Oil Company in the Gulf of Mexico. The competitive strategy of BP is their ability to leverage knowledge. Rather than by conducting some basic research by themselves they look for going learning from their partners and the

How a person should be Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

How a person should be - Essay Example Another approach in the direction of understanding truth goes with the name of interpretive analysis of situations and the conclusions that individuals and groups draw from their experiences are indeed identified as truths. But, in the view of this group’s conceptual understanding, the nature of truth wholly and solely depends on one’s experiences alone. The final approach towards gaining understanding of reality is called postmodernism that simply states that nothing is in-definitively true and vice versa and therefore, the gathering of information is going to determine the truths and facts of the present time. There was a time in past, when scientists believed that world is flat like a table and if ships were to go far into the sea then, they may fall from the edge of the world. However, with the passage of time, the featured belief changed and so did the human behavior towards reality (Klein pp. 26). The knowledge always changes, modifies, and transforms the basic se t of beliefs from which the complete social value system is based and because of this reason, when beliefs go through the process of change, then, the societal behaviors mold in such a way so that they can represent the newly formed assumptions. The Plato developed a way that thrived on gathering people’s opinion about a particular matter and then, the group attempted to develop a consensus and that agreed upon statement was given the status of divinity. But, if people’s experiences are recommending against the general statement then, it means that the reality is outdated and needs modifications. Thusly, the major and the most important approaches towards reality are based on human interpretation of events. The scientific experimentation technique introduced by early Muslim scholars was based on the due principle of experimentation and it supported the notion of experimentation via that the statements about reality can be proven and disproven (Rorty pp. 1). The real ch ange in the community occurs on a cognitive level and then, a new thought is shared slowly and gradually with others (Gladwell pp. 2). Ultimately, it reaches the people who have the appropriate level of power and authority needed to bring the change. Therefore, a small change in a thought pattern leads to a major one. But, nobody cares to tell the name of a person who originally gave the seed of change and because of this reason, real thinkers of the community remain unknown and unsung in most number of the cases. In the modern scientific literature, the researcher is free to fabricate hypothetical statements about an issue but he or she has to prove it with the help of empirical experimentation in order to derive generally acceptable statements. Nevertheless, the above-mentioned approach can be taken as monistic evaluation of interpretive assumptions about reality. The trend of change in human belief system over the passage of time is supporting that nothing is true forever and tha t is an elementary assumption of postmodernism (Rorty pp. 2). The previous discussion highlighted the fact that not all of the approaches towards reality are hostile to each other but they are indeed complimentary. The monistic way of thinking helps humans in standardization of realism so that public can understand and comprehend the world around them in a shared manner. The interpretive analysis of the situations helps

Education - Teaching Beginners Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Education - Teaching Beginners - Essay Example As a result, the potential of learning among the students being taught by that individual greatly reduces (Capel & Anne 2005). Almost every research conducted with an aim of increasing the knowledge base on the teaching industry concerning the teachers’ retention within the profession reports that the first three years are the most taxing and the most risky. During these three years, there is usually a great likelihood that the teaching beginner will leave the profession (Dowding 2008). The rate by which teaching beginners drop out necessitates review of the system of education especially in schools within the urban centers as well as hard-to-staff. As such, these learning institutions are regarded as the major victims as they are not only unable to retain teachers, who are fully certified, but also face an uphill task in attracting replacements. The purpose of this analysis is to access the challenges that the first year educators face and to deduce critically how mentoring o f these new teachers may assist in addressing these problems in an effort towards establishing teaching and learning of indispensable quality Some of the problems that beginners in the teaching industry face include discipline in the classroom, motivation of the students, challenges arising from trying to deal with individual differences, assessing student’s work, teacher’s relationship with the student’s parents, class work organization, insufficient teaching aids and dealing with the individual student’s problems among others. However, there are three main problems, which are regularly faced by these teaching beginners. They are: classroom discipline, motivating the students and dealing with individual differences (Boydell & Bines 2009). As such, they may seem as arising due to the inadequacy of teaching experience but on a greater insight, they were present since time immemorial and as such, they are inevitable and they tend to affect even the most exp erienced teachers. Classroom Discipline Classroom discipline refers to training within the context of self-control and within social conduct, which is in an orderly manner and as such, it is brought about by a classroom management that is not only accepted and desired by many people but also effective in delivering a milestone. According to Capel and Anne (2005), classroom discipline is a challenge of the highest orders that beginning teachers face in their new environments (Capel & Anne 2005). As such, these teachers find themselves compromised in situations where they are required to attend or respond to spontaneous replies coming from the students. Moreover, they find it difficult to give responses to cues coming from the entire class he is teaching. However, such teachers tend to develop an attitude of sensitivity when issues concerning the behavior of the students, which they perceive as capable of disrupting their planned presentation, are brought into contention (Capel & Anne 2005). Further, classroom discipline, due to its dominance among the challenges faced by teaching beginners, can be perceived as a code word. As such, it is a codeword as it encompasses a host of diversified difficulties (Boydell & Bines 2009). Still, it is a codeword as it is a point of reference. In this regard, it can be used as an indication that the teachers who are in their first year of teaching lack some specified skills and as such, it enables the school management to establish

History wk 12 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

History wk 12 - Essay Example They showed what other studies have shown, that there are spatial differences between men and women and that women are better in verbal skills. What I wonder, is whether these are different because of the way that children are trained. Do boy children tend to be trained to see things more spatially than girls are shown? Do women spend more time talking and by doing so, increasing their verbal skills? Is this why many men find talking about problems etc., too difficult because they have not been trained in that way? Schultz and Schultz (2008) suggest that that there is bias and discrimination still going on when people come together. In psychology, I have seen this become a problem, especially with some students who may be from the Middle East or other countries at times when the United States feels threatened. Although this may not be what we want to see in psychology, I think it still exists and that we need. The idea of gender intrigues me because today, there is so much going on w ith it. Some people are changing their genders, feeling they were born into the wrong one. There is an ongoing debate about whether gays and lesbians should be able to marry. Although this may not directly take a look at gender, it does apply in that often gays and lesbians transcend the gender they were born into. ... When I first came into this course, I had some idea of the various areas of psychology because I received them from different courses taken before this course. I think my personal view of psychology would be that it is the study of how people deal with the world around them. I believe that it is more than just a study of the mind, because there are so many different aspects of it. As an example, we brought up the idea of â€Å"The Secret† in this class and I believe that it is part of what people are studying today. Those who are following this are attempting to understand a different way of behavior that will help them move forward. It is a belief system that many have adopted and made work for them. I think that counseling has to take into consideration a client’s belief system and the fact that it will not necessarily be the same as that of the counselor. In fact, the counselor may be opposed to the client’s belief system and/or lifestyle, but they may need to have a way of dealing with it anyway or to refer the client to someone else. As a counselor who is a scholar-practitioner, I believe that it is important to continue to read in my field after I leave college and to interact with other scholar-practitioners. I do not believe that we can work in a vacuum and sometimes, realistically, many of us tend to get a degree and then work in an agency for many years without more development. I believe it is important to understand the stressors that people are dealing with on a day to day basis, and to study those areas that we are going to work with clients in. As an example, the world is seeing major stress related to PTSD coming from the war. Because of this, a scholar practitioner is going to need to understand PTSD and the types of things that work well with

Girl Postitive Essay Example for Free

Girl Postitive Essay The movie â€Å"Girl Positive† is about, Rachel, a teenage girl Rachel in high school that has come in contact with the disease HIV. The movie shows how people in her high school view the disease. They also stereotype it, saying only gay people can get. They are quickly proven wrong though. A recent report put up on the school website shows that the star athlete that graduated before them was doing heroin. He had just died in a car accident and they found it in his system and in his car. Everybody was completely shocked. After the report came out Rachel received a message that told her that this star athlete, Jason, had HIV. They were concerned about her well-being and asked if she also had the disease because she had lost her virginity to him at a party. Rachel became close with a new teacher at the school who conveniently worked at an AIDS clinic too. She asked to do some community service down there for extra credit. While Rachel was there she snuck a HIV test and took it. Later on, the results came back positive and the teacher was trying to help her out but Rachel didn’t want to listen. She was scared and didn’t want anyone to know. Rachel tried telling her boyfriend, but he didn’t understand. The rumors started in her school about her having it and her life felt like it was falling apart. But then Mark, Jason’s brother, came to Rachel with a video admitting that Jason was HIV positive. They decided the school needed to know. When they all found out, almost the entire senior class went to this AIDS clinic and were getting tested. Rachel and her mom stood by each other’s side and got blood test done to know for sure. The movie ended with the doctor saying she was positive; which I think was a really disappointing ending. I thought this movie was really good. It shows that people really do not know about this awful disease. They think it will kill them instantly, but really won’t if they take the right meds. I also think it’s very insightful. Although a lot of the scenes in the school were off because personally that wasn’t like my school at all. I think this is a really good movie to shows because it gives a lot of facts on HIV that I didn’t know and I’m sure many other teenagers don’t know either.

Social Construction Of Crime Criminology Essay

Social Construction Of Crime Criminology Essay Crime is a term that refers to many types of misconduct that is forbidden by law. There are a number of different reasons as to why crime can be viewed as a social construction. There cannot be social problems that are not the product of social construction naming, labelling, defining and mapping them into place through which we can make sense of them (Clarke, 2001). In this essay I will explain what is social construction, also what crime is, and why we think, that crime is socially constructed. Furthermore, I will explain how media construct crime and the stigma of black crime.   In the last paragraph I will explore the importance of Marxist and Durkheims theories on the emergence of crime. There is no doubt that crime is socially constructed. The constructionist perspective draws on a very different sociological inheritance, one that treats society as a matrix of meaning. It accords a central role to the processes of constructing, producing and circulating meanings. Within this perspective, we cannot grasp reality in a direct and unmediated way Reality is always mediated by meaning (John Clarke p.6). Indeed, some of its proponents argue that what we experience is the social construction of reality (Berger, 1967). How something or someone is named, identified and placed within a map of the social orders has profound consequences for how we act towards it or them (Becker, 1963). Public concern over crime relates mainly to theft and violence, which are regarded as being serious enough to warrant sustained attention from the police. This concern, reflected in periodic moral panics, tends to ensure that many of those who are involved in theft and criminal violence do so as a form of secondary deviation. As a result, many of them develop a criminal identity (Becker, H. S, 1963). The national British crime survey reports have demonstrated that the risk of being victims of crime is shaped by locality, lifestyle, age, gender and ethnicity. BCS confirm that the risk of being a victim of contact crime are highest for men those aged under 30, those living in intercity areas and those living in privately rented accommodation. Noon the less according to the BCS it is frequently those who are least at risk of crime who are most anxious about it, notably older people and women(May et al,2009). The very good example of how crime can be socially constructed is Black Crime (McLaughlin, 264). During the early 1970s indicated, that the media has continued to project an image of Britain as a white society (Hartman 1974). Crime and criminality came to be the central motif that constructed black people as a problem presence, and also signifying that they were not really British (McLaughlin, 264). Gilroy (1987) has added to this by analysing discourses on race, crime and nations. Perceptions of the weakness of black culture and family life, sometimes explained by absence of a father or authority figure, or more crudely, by a lack of respect for the Law and English tradition of civility, served to define black people as lesser breeds without the Law , as the others who stands outside what is meant to be British(Gilroy, 1987). However the significance of the prolonged campaign that led to the inquiry into the murder of Stephen Lawrence cannot be overstated. Dominant representations o f black people as a problem for white British society have been successfully challenged (Murji, 274). The media is the most powerful organisation which does a big impact on social construction of the crime. The importance of the news media in framing the public understanding of social problems is widely recognized (McLaughlin,263). Research in many countries confirms that crime reports are among the most headlines catching of news commodities. It is also suggested that there is broad correspondence between the images of criminality articulated in the news media and the interpretation for this (Murji, 264). Such as media presentation of the information reinforces social construction of the crime (McLaughlin et al, 264). There are three levels of explanation in the study of deviant and criminal behaviour. A first level of explanation is concerned with the existence of the many different forms of human behaviour that occur in any society ( Becker,1963). Biology may contribute towards an explanation of this diversity, but it can never provide the whole explanation. It is always necessary to take account of processes of socialization (Becker, 1963). A second level of explanation is concerned with the variation in norms between social groups, as manifested particularly in cultural and subculture differences ( Becker, 1963). Socialization takes place within particular social groups, and it is the norms of these groups that provide the standards for the identification of particular kinds of behaviour as criminal( Becker, 1963). The third, and final, level of explanation is concerned with the ways in which particular individuals are identified as criminals by others and so come to develop a criminal identit y. This is a matter of social reaction and control ( Becker, H,1963). In addition to understand social construction of crime, it is very important to look back at historical theoretical periods, which plays an important roles in revitalising past discoveries, putting new stress on the interpretation of events and relating these to current happenings(Jock Young, 307). First of all I would like to look at Marxist theory, where he sees crime being endemic in the social order. According to Marxism, men make their own history, but they do not make it just as they please: they do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves, but under circumstances directed encountered, given and transmitted from the past (Marx, 1969,p.360). Marxist frameworks have developed a Marxist theory of crime. From Marx perspectives crime is seen largely as the product of capitalism, with criminal and antisocial behaviour indicative of the contradictions and problems inherent in the capitalist system (Marsh, 1997, 519). The basic motivation of capitalism, such as emphasis on materialism and self- enrichment, encourage self-interested, anti-social and, by implication, criminal behaviour (Marsh, 1997, 519). Marxist s argues that business crime is largely ignored by the legal system. There are some well publicized exceptions, but these tend just to reinforce the impression that criminals are mainly from the working classes and that business criminals are not real criminals they are just doing what everyone else does (Marsh,1997,519). Marxist arguments suggest that capitalism produces the conditions that generate criminal behaviour. According to him, crime occurs because of economic deprivation and because of the contradictions that are apparent in capitalist society. Working-class crime is a rebellion against inequality and against the system that uses the legal process- including the Law, the police, courts and prison as weapons in a class war(Marsh, 1997, 522). According to Durkheims crime theory, he points out two arguments on crime growth. The first argument is, that modern industrial urban societies encourage a state of egoism which is contrary to the maintenance of social solidarity and to conformity to Law , and second is, that in periods of rapid social change anomies occurs. By this he meant an anomic disordered society lacking effective forms of social control, and thereby leading to a state of individually perceived normlessness (Frank Heathcote, 347). Durkheim arguments that crime is inevitable and functional does not explain the causes of crime or why certain people are more likely to engage in, criminal activities than others (Frank Heathcote, 348). More recently functionalist theories, based on the notion of there being a general consensus of values and norms, have focused on causes of criminal behaviour. Functionalist theories of crime tend to assume that there is general consensus within society over what is right and wrong behaviour. The interactionist approach questions this assumption; it does not see criminals as essentially different from so called normal people. Many people commit criminal action and it is therefore not easy to maintain a clear distinction between the criminal in terms of particular personal characteristics (Marsh, 1997, 517). To summary, in my essay firstly I discussed that, crime has been seen as a response to the frustration felt by those who cannot achieve the norms or goals of society. Secondly, how dominant representations of black people as problems for white people society have been successfully challenged. Thirdly, that the media is the most powerful organisation which does a big impact on social construction of the crime, and finally I argued two most important theories, which are still in use.

Five Governance Factors Example

Five Governance Factors Example Introduction In this assessment I discuss the different types of organisations and the five governance factors: strategy, compliance, accountability, culture and expertise. S successful and unsuccessful organisations are also compared. I also write down conclusions I have come to through doing this assessment. Hamilton City Council Strategy: Hamilton city council plans lots of projects and they make a strategy to achieve the goal. City council main strategy is to provide basic facilities and infra-structure to the population (do you have a reference to support this statement). We saw viewed amistake in city council systems   for example when one death happened in Hamilton zoo. There were mistakes in health and safety. Compliance: New Zealand government makes laws. If the city council does not work properly than center govt. Take over the charge. So city council follows the different type of rule and act. Read the above carefully and rephrase to make sense. Accountability: Hamilton city council control the whole city services like cleaning the road, picking up rubbish, streetlights, health, some environmental education and so on. The City council has different departments and the head of this department is   accountable for these duties. Culture: New Zealand is multicultural country so this has a great impact on Hamilton city council. There are an ample number of employees work together belongs to different countries and culture. Men and women both are equal, so there is friendly work culture(source). When there is not much cultural diversity and it is tough to handle the all different cultures. Hamilton city council celebrates different festival that is related to different culture. So, in this way council provide good working environment. Expertise: city council has engineers and project managers to   plan and implement all projects. Different department have experts related to their work. For example civil engineers, it engineers, project managers etc(This seems to repeat the sentence before). Bidvest Strategy: BIDVest main strategy is to provide good products to our customers. Bidvest focus on the quality of products and make a strong relationship with their customers. There are some weaknesses in product storage strategy because products grow once in a year so some time company faces the products shortage. It is difficult and crucial to fulfill the customer needs. Compliance: all of the BIDVest distribution centers are multi temperature facilities with HACCP (what does this abbreviation mean)recognised food safety programs. The three hundred plus trucks that make up the delivery convoy are allocated to ambient, chilled and frozen products ensuring reliability throughout the supply chain. Sometimes drivers cannot follow the rules and regulations of company as well as they not handle products properly or compromise with food and safety rule. Accountability: BIDVest is responsible to provide our products to customers   at the right time as well as make sure food quality is good and fresh. The branch manager is responsible for all formalities like follow the food and safety act. Culture: BIDVest provide good working environment for   our workers as well as facilities. No partiality, no difference between men and woman. But over workload is big problem in BIDVest because of this workers feel pressure in our minds. There is an ample number of reasons for pressure like shortage of worker, busy work environment etc.. . Expertise: BIDVest is expert to handle the food in extreme situations. They know how to handle the different types of fruits and vegetables. BIDVest store products according to suitable temperature. BIDVest have food experts that doing these things. Action group charitable trust Strategy: action provides medical facilities to the poor and helpless people free of cost. This trust follow the aim of lala munni ram mange ram, he is founder of action groups of company. They provide cancer treatment free of cost. But there are some restrictions to get the free treatment. I personally advocate that it is very hard for common person to fulfill this formalities and I see this as a weakness of action group trust strategy. Compliance: sri bala ji action medical institute work under Indian law and medical act. Action always concentrates on the health and safety and provides treatment under the guidance of world-class doctors. It is very hard to find out the mistake in compliance but as we know that every finger does not have same size so, whole staff and doctors not follow the rule some doctors make money to start our private clinic. Accountability: sri balaji action charitable hospital is accountable to provide good medical services to the people. Director of trust control the whole trust and make sure every single department of hospital doing work correctly according to Indian law and trust guidelines. They also take report from every medical and department head. Culture: in action hospital there are daily thousands of poor people come for treatment. Action trust follows the friendly and gives help to poor people culture as well as staff and doctors are friendly together also honest, punctual and stronger job commitment. Action hospital situated in New Delhi but staff is south Indian so it create problem of communication between the patients. Expertise: sri balaji action charitable hospital have expert doctors related to different type of medical field like heart, skin, cancer, ENT, MD, liver and any type of surgery etc (Do not use abbreviations unless you have explained them once in full before) Doctors give treatment to the patient after analysis (diagnosis) of the problem. Indian government Strategy: Indian government aim to provide necessary facilities to our people like good education, health services, good road infrastructure, strong defense, transport, more jobs opportunity, good financial structure. As every coin has two sides there are also some officials that not provide good service and facility to the people. Moreover, they are corrupt. Every day we are read news related to corruption and scams. Like coal scam etc. Compliance: Indian government system works with the help of parliament and central cabinet. Cabinet works under the leadership of prime minister and make the development and welfare program. But it is long term process to pass the new bill in both houses because opposition always try to find out way to fail the new bill proposed by government. Because of this many projects are not implemented and the populace faces lots of problems. Accountability: Indian government is responsible for good health services, good infrastructure, and education. Indian govt. Take good step recently to stop the corruption. But unemployment is burning issue and state is accountable to solve this problem. Culture: India is a multicultural country. Indian government provides equal opportunity to everyone. All ministries work for humanity. But according to my point of view north east India is cut off from another India so, it is crucial to develop north east side and spread awareness about different culture. So, as a result of this people know about all different cultures of India. Expertise: In Indian government every department have IAS and IPS officer that are expert in there related department. They know each and every thing and run government system easily and in right direction. Hero Honda Strategy: hero and Honda make a partnership in past time. Both make a strategy to establish a two wheeler plant in India. Main strategy of hero Honda is to provide a mileage bike to their costumer in a good price and it is successful. But after got success there are some weakness in strategy to make partnership relation more strong due to this both company were broke their partnership and establish there on business. Compliance: Hero Honda Company follows the industrial and motor vehicle act. Of India. They make bike according to Indian road condition. In production plant hero Honda follow the health and safety rule. Also company set up their own rule. According to me in service center of hero Honda lower level staff not follow the rule properly. Accountability: hero Honda is responsible for quality and performance of their vehicle. Hero Honda is also accountable to provide services to their costumer. In every service center of hero Honda provide good services and facilities. Branch manager is responsible for this type of things. Culture: hero Honda is to different companies belongs to different counties and culture. Company follows the multi culture rule and make sure all staff will be comfortable in the work place. Like managers and another staff are belongs to India and Japan and both give respect to another culture, feelings and emotions. Expertise: hero Honda has expert automotive engineers. That is capable and expert to design the vehicle. Sale manager, customer relationship manager etc. Company has an expert related to needs of company. SUCCESSEFUL COMPANY (VODAFONE) UNSUCCESSFUL COMPANY (VIRGIN) STRATEGY: VODAFONE IS INTERNATIONAL TELECOM COMPANY.VODAFONE MAKE OUR STRATEGY AND FUTURE PLAN ACCORDING TO INTERNATIONAL SITUATION AND NEEDS OF COSTUMER. STRATEGY: VIRGIN IS NOT AS FAMOUS AS TELECOM COMPANY.THEY MAKE STRATEGY TO PROVIDE CHEAPER CALL RATES TO PEOPLE AND ATTRACT THEM. BUT IN THIS WAY THEY FACE LOSS. COMPLIANCE: THEY FOLLOW THE RULE AND TELECOMMUNICATION ACT. ALSO THEY MAKE THEIR OWN RULE TO RUN COMPANY IN SUCCESSFUL WAY. COMPLIANCE: COMPANY FOLLOWS THE TELECOMMUNICATION RULE AND ACT, BUT NOT SET UP THEIR OWNS RULE TO RUN COMPANY IN A GOOD WAY. ACCOUNTABILITY: VODAFONE IS ACCOUNTABLE FOR THEIR SERVICES.THEY SET UP ACCONTABILITY ACCORDING TO DUTY.LIKE CUSTOMER SERVICE, CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP, COMPANY PLANS AND SERVICES. ACCOUNTABILITY: IN THIS COMPANY THERE ARE SOME PROBLEM TO SET UP RESPONSIBILTY.LIKE HOW TO RUN THE COMPANY ,LACK OF COSTOMER RELATIONSHIP AND POOR NETWORK. CULTURE: VODAFONE FOLLOW THE MULTI CULTURE BECAUSE IT IS INTERNATIONAL COMPANY. THERE ARE AMPLE NUMBER OF WORKER THAT BELONGS TO DIFFERENT CULTURE AND PROVIDE GOOD ENVIRONMENT. CULTURE: THERE ARE NOT GOOD WORKING ENVIRONMENT AND EMPLOYEE NOT FEEL WELL OR COMFERTABLE.BAD INFRASTUCTURE, WORKLOAD AND STAFF SHORTAGE. EXPERTIES: VODAFONE HAVE A GOOD EXPERIENCE IN THE FIELD OF TELECOMMUNICATION.THEY ARE EXPERT HOW TO ATTRACT THE COSTUMER WITH PROFIT. EXPERTIES: VIRGIN IS NEW ESTABLISHING COMPANY AND LACK OF EXPERTS OF TELECOMMUNICATION. References Hamilton city council; http://www.Hamilton.Govt.Nz/pages/default.Aspx Action hospital:   http://www.Actiongroup.Co.In/medical_insitute/overview.Html Bidvest:   http://www.Bidfood.Co.Nz/foodservice/ Hero Honda https://en.Wikipedia.Org/wiki/hero_motocorpro Honda: Vodafone:   https://en.Wikipedia.Org/wiki/vodafone_india

Asthma Essay -- essays research papers fc

Asthma / Grant 1 Asthma in a Fitness/School Setting For some, the agony of asthma may be an affliction only during childhood; for others, the illness persists throughout adulthood. The least fortunate are those who fall mortal victims. Asthma can kill. Medical science can offer only temporary relief at best. The deviousness of the disease defies almost all attempts at discovering a cure. Asthma can be mild; it can be devastating. Sometimes the symptoms disappear for many years but surface again with even greater severity. In an asthmatic attack the diameter of the small bronchi is diminished as a result of spasm of the muscular coat, active congestion of the mucous membrane and excessive secretion of tough mucus. In inspiration the small bronchi are pulled open and the obstruction is thereby reduced. On the other hand, forced expiration tends to compress bronchi and increase the obstruction. Consequently inspiration is much easier than expiration; the difficult breathing of asthma differs in fact from all other forms of difficult breathing, in being mainly expiratory in character (Mezei, 1988). Not to be confused with asthma is a similar, but less intense, tightening of the bronchial muscles that occurs in people who are exposed to large amounts of noxious fumes, tobacco smoke, and other pollutants. The body attempts to protect itself against invasion by dangerous substances flowing into the lungs. The asthma victim, however, usually hypersensitive, overreacts with severe symptoms (Renard, 1996). Asthma deaths in the country are steadily rising at an ever-increasing rate. Statistics indicated that about 4,000 Americans died from the disease in 1985, more than double the number only a decade ago. Society became more involved into the process of Grant 2 determining why asthma death were increasing. A task force of immunology, chemistry, pulmonary medicine, and epidemiology researchers were charged with finding an answer, but their preliminary report only raised more questions. The rise in asthma deaths during the past decade has puzzled scientists and physicians. But while the severity of the disease appears to be increasing, many asthmatics are unwilling to lead the sedentary lives that some say their condition requires ("Asthmatics", 19XX). As seen in many studies and research done in the past exercise can be both beneficial and deleterio... ...with less respiratory distress can result from involvement in competitive athletics. The coach, teacher, and parents should share a common philosophy with the child, regarding competition. They should make the child aware that winning for an asthmatic does not necessarily mean coming in first place or having more points than the opposition. For an asthmatic, winning is wheeze-free participation (Dennis, 1985). Grant 8 Works Cited Asthma & Food: Know the facts. (1998, May). Executive Health's Good Health, 34, 8, 2. Asthma deaths rising, but asthmatics don't have to give up exercise. (19XX). Aerobics for Asthmatics, Inc. Dennis, Warren. (1985). What Every Physical Educator should know about Asthma. American Lung Association. Excess pounds may lead to asthma. (1998, Jun). Tufts University Health & Nutritional Letter, 16, 2. Exercise and Asthma. (1996). A.C.E. Fitness Matters, 2 Mezei, Gyorgyi. (1998). Physiotherapy of Asthma. Acta Microbiological et Immunological Hungarica, 45, 157-166. Research shows exercise program benefits children with asthma. (1998, June 11). The New York Amsterdam News, 14. William, Renard Jr. (1996). Asthma. Nutrition Health Review, 78, 10.

The Prime Minister of Canada Essay -- Politics, Government

The Prime Minister of Canada is given much power and much responsibility. This could potentially create a dangerous situation if the government held a majority and was able to pass any legislation, luckily this is not the case. This paper will argue that there are many limitations, which the power of the prime minister is subject too. Three of the main limitations, which the Prime Minister is affected by, are; first, federalism, second the governor general and third, the charter of rights and freedoms. I will support this argument by analyzing two different types of federalism and how they impact the power of the Prime Minister. Next I will look at three of the Governor Generals Powers and further analyze one of them. Last I will look at the impact of the charter from the larger participation the public can have in government, and how it increased the power of the courts. Frist, federalism is the division of power between the provinces and the federal government (Cutler 2010, 3). As well, Federal systems tend to be made up of multiple parts, which do not necessarily work together (Brock 2008, 3). There has been an increase on the study of federalism in recent years, which has created a more in-depth look at how federalism impacts the government. (Farfard Rocher 2009, 294). There are two aspects of federalism and both of them put limitations on the influence of the prime minister. The first is called political asymmetry; this encompasses the various attitudes of the different provinces such as the culture, economic, social and political conditions and how it shapes the relationship between the provincial and federal governments (Brock 2008, 4). This can create a problem for the federal government because it means that they may ha... ...ratic process but it at least protects the rights of Canadians and prevents all out domination the majority. This essay has argued that there are many limitations that the Prime Minister is subjected too. The three most important are federalism in Canadian society, the role of the Governor General, and the charter of rights and freedoms. I used two different views of federalism and illustrated how both of them put boundaries on the Prime Minister’s power. Next I explain the powers of the governor general, and explained the ability to dissolve parliament in greater detail. Last I analyzed how the charter of rights of freedoms has limited the Prime Minister’s power with respect to policy-making, interests groups and the courts. The Prime Minister does not have absolute power in Canadian society, there are many infringements on the power that they have to respect.

The Difference Between Ancient China and Egypt

Ancient China and Egypt By: Jessica Isham Ancient Egypt and Ancient China were 2 of the biggest civilizations thousands of years ago. Both left its impact on history, they had many similar beliefs, and different ways of life. They had different rulers, religions, languages and forms of money. Both civilizations have different rulers. China is ruled by emperors and empires, and Egypt their people by pharos. In Egypt their people didn’t live as long so they had a lot more pharos. China’s on the other hand, lived a lot longer. So, therefore Chinese emperors and empires were around longer.The religion of ancient Egypt was polytheistic and centered on the divinity of the ruler and the eternity of the soul. The Chinese were polytheistic with the addition of ancestor worship. Over time, these beliefs were sometimes blended with Taoism, Buddhism or Confucianism. They both also had different beliefs. Egypt believed when people passes, if they were preserved than they might have an afterlife. The Egyptians would put the dead mummified people in solid gold coffins and filled the burial room with bizarre treasures. China believed in the burial method as well.They would bury the Chinese people in the ground and pour water on them, then put them in a hanging coffin. The Chinese also believed in cremation, were they burn the body into ashes. The ancient Egyptians believed that most non-physical ailments were caused by spells and curses. Overall treatments included amulets, potions and surgery depending on what was wrong. Chinese medicine was based on the idea of the balance of the energies yin and yang. Illness was the result of an imbalance and was treated with herbs, acupuncture and exercises.The Chinese were mainly ahead of the rest of their time period. They used cowrie shells and metal beans for money. They also had paper money and coins. The Egyptians traded goods and services. The two civilizations created their own languages. Egypt had hieroglyphs that w ere dated from 3400 BC. Hieroglyphs are a formal writing system that contained a combination of logographic and a alphabetic elements. China had a language called Man'yogana. Man'yogana is an ancient writing system that employs Chinese characters to represent the Japanese language.

Internal Control and Home Improvement Essay

Lowe’s Home Improvement is a chain of retail home improvement based in the United States. It was founded in 1946 in North Wilkesboro, North Carolina. Lowe’s Home Improvement has expanded internationally into Mexico, Canada, and joint venture with Woolworths Limited in Australia. Lowe’s Home Improvement ranked 54 in Fortune 500 for 2012, decreasing four spots in 2011 (â€Å"Cnn money,† 2012). Lowe’s Home Improvement is the second largest retail home improvement chain, behind The Home Depot. There are 1,724 Lowe’s stores throughout United States, Canada, Mexico operating with more than 234,000 employees (â€Å"Lowe’s home improvement, 2012†). Stakeholders are individuals, groups, or organizations that have a stake in the business. Stakeholders are categorize into two types: internal or external. Internal stakeholders can be owners, managers, and employees. External stakeholders can be suppliers, lenders, and customers (Worthington, 2009). Human Resource (Safety) There are many safety rules in Lowe’s Home Improvement. â€Å"We strive to sustain a safety culture that integrates safety into all parts of our business. Safety is a core value of our company. We hold our leadership teams accountable for creating and maintaining a safe environment to work and shop. Safety practices are incorporated into each job task, and we believe training is critical to ensuring safety awareness and knowledge are maintained at the highest level† (â€Å"Focusing on safety,† 2012, p. 1). When I was the Department Manager of Product Service, I was in charge of 70 percent of all resets in the store including display changes, merchandising refresh, and general product rotation. As an internal stakeholder (manager), I knew all the rules. However, some of these rules prevented me from accomplishing my job. Sometimes resets require me to get inside the bay to maneuver the products, beams, or shelves. This is strictly against Lowe’s policy, which states I should get an order picker (machine to hold me up). I understand the need for the rules, but sometimes they cannot be followed exactly (prior thoughts as a Department Manager). If I were to get hurt while doing, Lowe’s is liable for my injuries or death. Even though it clearly states it in our policy not to do these actions, it could not be proven that I was properly trained or ever informed about it. This is why it is important for all incidents to be reported. As an Assistant Store Manager, I must constantl y coach and train my associates and document (validate). I must ensure every decision my employees makes is what is best for the business. Employee incidents are known as workers’ comp claims that directly affect profitable. When the store reports the incident to our claims department, we are automatically deducted profits to pay for the expense. This can range from $10,000 to whatever. . Just recently, we had to pay for knee surgery for our outside sales representatives. Unfortunately, these claims can take many years to close, because the individual can continue to get treatment even after surgery. Typically, workers comp will attempt to pay the individual out before paying for surgery. If the individual accepts the buyout, they will lose their job. An external stakeholder is the customers that come in the building. Lowe’s is just as liable for any injuries or damages caused to a customer as an employee is. Every morning an Assistant Store Manager must walk the Daily Safety Review (DSR) to verify the store is clean, clear, and safe. We must verify that all top stock, product, safety procedures, locks, and safety chains are up and operational. Recently, someone did not properly place a stack of trashcans in top stock. The trashcans were not standing on the tops and fell around 11:30am, luckily no customers or employees were hit with ten trashcans as they fell. Customer incidents are known as general liability claims that directly affect profitable. When the store reports the incident to our claims department, we are automatically deducted profits to pay for the expense. This can range from $2500 to $25,000. Anything over $25,000 is distributed among the rest of the district. To make up $2500 in pure profit is to sell roughly $6,000 when you calculate employee salary, utilities, and facility cost. Marketing (Deceptive Advertising) The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) oversees any deceptive claims of products or services. Recently, the FTC won a $40 million settlement against Sketchers’ toning shoes and apparel. Sketchers falsely represented clinic studies claiming their Shape-Ups, Toners, Tone-Ups, and Resistance Runners would help people lose weight, and tone and strengthen their butts, legs, and abdominal muscles. The most deceptive ad was used during Super Bowl featuring Kim Kardashian firing her personal training for a pair of Shape-Ups. Sketchers truly believed they would win the multiple lawsuits in different states, but choose to settle out for the ease of the company and individuals (Bachman, 2012). Deceptive advertisement can negatively affect internal and external stakeholders. Customer service is the most important aspect of any business. Deceptive advertising can create a negative experience for customers, which directly affect employees. A bad customer service experience can dramatically cost any business thousands of dollars. The internet is the playground for anyone. This can create a bad reputation when individuals post on their Facebook, Twitter, or other social media sites. If a business loses its customers base, it cannot support its employees. Recently, at my Lowe’s Store we had the state department conducting an internal audit on pricing. The last time this audit was done was in 2004. The audit required scanning 50 products and verifying the correct price is labeled. If the price was incorrect, this would be considered false advertisement or deceptive advertisement and Lowe’s would be fine thousands of dollars. Fortunately, we passed the audit with no issues. Accounting (Unethical Practices) Accounting fraud will continue to happen if there is opportunity. There must be provisions that prevent opportunity. Olympus Corporation covered up $1.7 billion in accounting fraud. The three executives inflated company’s net worth for five years. Three executives pleaded guilty to covering up and firing the chief executive who originally found the discrepancy. This is one of the largest corporate scandals in Japan. The United States put in place corporate governance reform after the Enron scandal. These unethical behaviors can result in lawsuits from shareholders. After the Enron scandal, Senator Paul Sarbanes and Representative Michael Oxley (Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) pushed a law through that changed regulation of financial practices and governance of corporations. Internal stakeholders have large investments into their company. First, it is their livelihood. Second, they could own company stock. Lastly, if the corporation goes under what value does that company add to the individuals resume? Employees of large corporation rarely see their importance in the big picture of things. The employees build companies. No matter how low your position is you can directly affect the business positively or negatively. As managers it is my job to ensure that my employees are align with the company’s vision and mission. External stakeholders can also be affected by unethical accounting practices. The most obvious example would be if the customer were also a stakeholder in shares. This can directly affect the value of the stock. Another example would be customers affected in small towns. For example, if in their small town there is no other hardware store but Lowe’s Home Improvement. What would happen if that Lowe’s store closed, where would citizens of the town go to get their supplies? How much farther would they have to travel? This creates a huge inconvenience and provides opportunity for other small convenience/gas stores charge more for product. Conclusion Awareness is the number one preventer in safety issues. Companies must develop incentives for employees to remain and operate safely. At Lowe’s if, a store goes 60 days accident free, there is a cook out that is hosted by the store. One time at my store, we went 265 days accident free, we held the highest accident free days in the division. Companies must develop and promote these incentives for employees to remain safe. This includes knowing when to get help and when to do it yourself. The saying â€Å"work smarter not harder† must be in every employees forefront. Deceptive advertising is typically dealt with at corporate levels in retail. However, these corporations typically do not deal with the problem. The store level associates deal with the deception. At Lowe’s, we are told to take care of the customer. Depending on the situation, as managers we may be able to substitute items to appease the customer. I believe there should be a separate department that evaluates all marketing and advertisements. This may save the company millions of dollars from lawsuits of deceptive advertisements. Companies that violate these ethics share common elements. Three common elements enable individuals to violate ethical or criminal misconduct in a corporation. 1. The availability of an opportunity 2. The existence of some form of pressure leading to an incentive 3. The capacity to rationalize. These three elements are arranged in a pyramid. Opportunity is the top of the pyramid. Opportunity is at the top because without opportunity nothing would exist. To reduce or eliminate opportunity, companies must implement effective internal controls. These can include policies and procedures, audits, and departments who oversee (checks and balances). The best example of these internal procedures is a bank securing its money in a safe. These are designed to keep unwanted people out. Pressure is located at the bottom left corner. Pressure can come from managers using intimidation, family expectations (standard of living), personal vices, and poor decision-making. For example, a manager may use intimidation and say, â€Å"You will be fired if you do not achieve your sales numbers†. This type of pressure can cause certain employees to go too far. The last element is rationalization located at the bottom right corner. The individuals we are talking about do not think they are evil; rather they justify their own misconduct. Some rationalization would be everyone does it, I deserve this, I am only borrowing the money, and the company can afford it. Unfortunately, there will be individuals who cross the ethical line. It takes the personal integrity of an individual to resist the opportunity. The best indicator of these individuals is there past performances (â€Å"Fundamental managerial accounting†, 2006). To fix these issues requires appropriate checks and balances. Corporations must ensure they have policies and procedures to prevent such opportunities from existing. In addition, these policies must be validated consistently and frequently. References Bachman, K. (2012, May 16). Sketchers settle deceptive ad case with FTC for $40m. Retrieved from http://www.adweek.com/news/advertising-branding/skechers-ad-case-ftc-40m-140577 CNN money. (2012, May 21). Retrieved from http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune500/2012/snapshots/2686.html Edmonds, T., Tsay, B., & Olds, P. (2006). Fundamental managerial accounting concepts. Retrieved from http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0073526797/student_view0/ebook/chapter1/chbody1/ethical_consideration s.html Focusing on safety. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.lowes.com/cd_Focusing on Safety_323526845_ Lowe’s Home Improvement. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.lowescreativeideas.com/social/our-vision-and-values.html Slodkowski, A. (2012, September 25). Japanese camera and medical equipment maker Olympus Corporation and three of its former executives pleaded guilty on Tuesday over charges related to a $1.7 billion accounting cover-up in one of Japan’s biggest corporate scan dals. Retrieved from http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/09/25/us-olympus-trial-idUSBRE88O01920120925 Worthington, I. (2009, February 09). Improvement and innovation. Retrieved from http://www.improvementandinnovation.com/features/article/stakeholders-and-how-they-affect-your-business/

Policies to Reduce Pollution

The two policies that are mostly used to reduce pollution are the taxation of the pollution producers (Pigovian tax) and standards-change approaches. The Pigovian taxes are usually generally levied as an excise tax, which will raise the price of the goods produced. This causes the company to produce less which in turn lowers pollution. The standards-charge approach is to tax the pollution directly. The government determines the level of pollution that it thinks is appropriate, and then will charge a fine for each unit that is above the appropriate amount. This is how the standard-charge approach rewards the companies that produce less pollution and punishes the companies that exceed the allotted pollution amount. Unfortunately, standard-charge approaches don’t enable policy makers to control the air quality. The government has to estimate how much a company will reduce their pollution when they are fined. If the government sets a fine to low, the company may determine that it is cheaper to pay the fines rather than reduce its pollution. This also will not give the company an incentive to reduce their pollution level below what the government has set as the desired limit. The positive benefits to these measures are that our ecosystems are healthier and this also helps the health of the people living in the local environment. Air pollution is known to cause a great deal of disease in the population, especially respiratory disease. The environments ecosystems will benefit when people and companies lower their use of fossil fuels, this will help to lower greenhouse gases. Taxes and fines always have some sort of losses involved, both to the companies and to the government applying the fines. When the different taxes are levied, companies will find ways to reduce costs by either cuts in staffing or outsourcing what they are able to send to foreign companies. Another cost involves the failure of the government. The different taxes and fines levied on companies are paid over to the government and the government is notorious in their inefficiency in the use of their funds. Most government agencies are overly bureaucratic and cumbersome which can create unnecessary regulations that are impossible to enforce. It is impossible to determine the exact level of pollution reduction needed to produce a healthier living environment. At this point in time, society controls the pollution levels until the costs outweigh the benefits of additional controls. This assumption isn’t always valid. It has been proven, through past actions, which as air quality improves it becomes more difficult to reduce the levels of pollution at a reasonable cost. Even though society demands a clean environment for health reasons, it is a higher concern depending on income levels. The higher the income level the more of a concern it will be. Those with a lower income that are without medical insurance are less inclined to worry about pollutions that will harm them over time. Pollution should be reduced so that it will not negatively affect the health of the population or the environment. Unfortunately we also have to weigh the lowering of pollution against the cost of job loss and the cost of goods. In the end, as long as the government policies are able to reduce pollution to a level that is socially acceptable they can be viewed a success.

Poetry Response Essay

I really love this poem by Wendy Copes because of the message that it tells me. For some reason there are those people who wish to pull someone down. Sometimes it is because of jealousy, envy and pride. In reality, no matter how hard you try to be good and to appreciate everyone, you really cannot please anybody. There will always be those who are against you.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The poem tells me that I should not let anyone interfere with what I am doing or to let anyone block my way to greater heights. That I should always do my best and show everyone what I can do, what I am able to do, my talents and abilities.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Everyone has his or her own goal in life and we must focus on that goal, not looking to anyone but on that goal alone. We should not get our attention off our goal and let someone mess with that. We should always remain focused in achieving that goal or else we may not be able to achieve it. It is true that no one can live alone and that we need others to be able to live and be happy. Still we should not let those who dislike us or envy us to be the reason for our failure, if we do so, we will certainly achieve nothing. Every time that an opportunity for us to be recognized is given grab it. We should not favor or look onto anyone who wants the same opportunity like us. Every opportunity is a stepping stone in achieving our goal, our desire, and our future. The world is a place wherein the strongest is given greater opportunity over the weak, the talented above those that are not, and the wise over the fools.   We should let our light shine, and our talents to be revealed in order to be acknowledged both by man and society. Also, the poem tells us that we should not be move or hindered by anyone. We should not be ashamed in showing our talents and as well as emotions. We must be true to ourselves and not compromising to anyone. If we are glad let it show in our own way. Dance or jump or shout if you want to. We should not let anyone to be reason for our sadness and downfall. Works Cited The British Council. No date. â€Å"Wendy Cope†. November 19, 2007   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     

Barriers to Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Essay

Health promotion has been defined as the process of enabling people to increase control over their health and to improve it. This process requires personal participation and supportive environments. For people with disabilities, however, personal participation is often limited by non-supportive environments. Lack of knowledge on how to modify programs to meet specific needs, poor attitudes, and unfriendly environments often creates insurmountable barriers to participation for many people with disabilities. While innovative medical technology has increased the life span of individuals with disabilities, little attention has focused on improving their health span. The reportedly high incidence of chronic secondary conditions seen in persons with disabilities, including pain, fatigue, low functional capacity, obesity, and depression, is often related to environmental conditions that include poor health promotion practices. Smith wrote: â€Å"People with disabilities therefore represent significant health needs and investment in health care resources, both in terms of the primary disability and secondary complications. Although the prevention of these conditions is important, of equal importance is to make living with them as healthy as possible, as many disabilities are life-long. Although health promotion may be significant in leading to lower levels of premature mortality, higher quality of life and lower health care costs for the general population, it has the potential to be even more significant for those already with a disability, whose quality of life and independence rely critically on their ability to maintain their narrow margin of health.† With the emerging concept that individuals with disabilities can improve their health in the same manner as anyone else, there is growing momentum for providing quality health promotion programs for people with disabilities. Maintaining health and wellness is especially important for people with disabilities because functional limitations that often accommodate a primary impairment (neurological dysfunction) may reduce a person’s capacity to engage in health promoting behaviors and result in a higher frequency of secondary conditions. These secondary conditions are defined as â€Å"†¦physical, medical, cognitive, emotional, or psychosocial consequences to which persons with disabilities are more susceptible by virtue of an underlying impairment, including adverse outcomes in health, wellness, participation and quality of life†. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of health promotion for people with disabilities in the areas of exercise, nutrition and health education, and to describe a health promotion service delivery model that addresses the gap in services between rehabilitation and community-based health promotion. The vast majority of people with disabilities are not obtaining the recommended amount of physical activity needed to confer health benefits and prevent secondary conditions (e.g., heart disease, obesity, and osteoporosis). In a study by Rimmer, it was found that less than 10 percent of adults with physical disabilities engaged in structured physical activity programs. A possible reason for this high level of inactivity may be linked to the number of actual and perceived barriers to exercise reported by people with disabilities. Transportation, cost of the exercise program, and not knowing where to exercise were listed as the three most common barriers. In a related study, Messent reported that the barriers to physical activity participation in adults with developmental disabilities were unclear policy guidelines in residential and day service programs; transportation and staffing constraints; limited financial resources; and limited availability of physical activity programs in the person’s community. While these external barriers may impose major limitations on exercise participation, internal barriers may also create obstacles to participation. Kinne reported that exercise self-efficacy and motivational factors were significant predictors of exercise maintenance in a group of adults with disabilities. Health disparities refer to differences between groups of people. These differences can affect how frequently a disease affects a group, how many people get sick, or how often the disease causes death. Many different populations are affected by disparities. These include †¢Racial and ethnic minorities †¢Residents of rural areas †¢Women, children, the elderly †¢Persons with disabilities While better nutritional habits are a major concern for most people with and without disabilities, there may be some specific differences in diet and nutrition guidelines pertaining to people with specific types of disabilities. Issues related to accessing healthy foods, determining food interactions with commonly used medications to control various secondary conditions ( pain, seizures, depression), and establishing specific requirements for food supplements ( vitamins, minerals, fluid intake) are all major concerns among people with certain disabilities. For example, people with spinal cord injury have a higher rate of bone loss after their injury, which increases their risk of osteoporosis. A few studies on persons with cerebral palsy and Down syndrome have also reported a higher incidence of osteoporosis. While it is the recommended daily allowance for calcium intake and vitamin D may need to be increased for certain types of disabilities to offset the rate of bone loss, recommen ded guidelines are not available. There are little data available to support this theory. There is a pressing need to conduct more research on various types of disabilities that have a reportedly higher incidence of bone loss, to determine the effects of exercise and nutritional supplements (calcium, vitamin D) in reducing or slowing the progression of this condition. Health education can have a measurable impact on empowering people with disabilities to improve their own health. For example, people with depression, manic depression, schizophrenia etc. should practice medication management with the assistance of a physician or nurse practitioner. Many states offer education classes dealing with communication with family members and the public along with skills on how to cope with mental illness. There are also cooking, cleaning, and hygienic classes and job training skills. In my experience job coaches are available to help ease the transition from unemployment to gainful employment practices. Many disabled individuals still experience discrimination from others who do not understand what mental illness is and don’t take the time to find out how to cope daily with a friend, family member or co-worker who may suffer from mental illness. In Belize Central America poverty is a big problem. In an article I read had this to say, â€Å"The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) said Tuesday that it had approved a US$15 million loan to help Belize provide better basic health care, improve secondary education and strengthen its capacity to target, coordinate and evaluate social protection programs.†These measures will help the government achieve the goals of its National Poverty Elimination Strategy,† the IDB said in a statement. It said that one-third of the country’s population lives under the poverty line and the poorest sector of society lacks adequate basic health and secondary education services. â€Å"In some southern rural areas, like the Toledo district, 79 per cent of the population is poor and 56 per cent is classified as indigent. â€Å"The IDB said that in order to strengthen primary health care for the most vulnerable sectors, the funds will support government plans to increase enrolment in the National Health Insurance (NHI) pilot program.†It will also protect the 2009-2010 budget lines needed to at least maintain NHI coverage at 95 per cent of the population in south-side Belize City and 84 percent in the Southern Region. The National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) is also addressing the significant barriers to mental health care experienced by African American, Asian American and Pacific Islander, American Indian, and Latino/Hispanic populations. NAMI is developing national partnerships and strategies to overcome the crisis. There is also increasing emphasis on improving quality of health care within the existing services in the United States. To achieve quality, there must be: 1. Improved access to care for all people. 2. Appropriate and acceptable treatment plans that incorporate multidisciplinary knowledge. 3. A workforce of sufficient numbers and qualifications. 4. Agreement on indicators for health care quality. 5. Responsible practices and follow-through on the part of patients. One study of infants revealed the cost of hospitalizing premature infants, the need to improve prenatal care to women at high risk for delivering preterm or low-birth-weight infants, and the need to improve outcomes for those infant. There is still so much to be done to increase health and the quality of life in persons with disabilities and those with chronic health issues. Health promotion has been defined as the process of enabling people to increase control over their health and to improve it. This process requires personal participation and supportive environments. Reference Rimmer JH, (1999). Health promotion for people with disabilities: the emerging paradigm shift from disability prevention to prevention of secondary conditions Physical Therapy. 79(5), 495-502. Ravesloot C, Seekins T, Young Q, (1998). Health Promotion for People with Chronic Illness and Physical Disabilities: The Connection between Health Psychology and Disability Prevention Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy. 5, 76-85. Thierry JM, (1998). Promoting the health and wellness of women with disabilities. Journal of Women’s Health. 7(5), 505-507. Stuifbergen, Alexa K., PhD, RN, Heather Becker, PhD, and Dolores Sands, PhD, RN, (1990). Barriers to health promotion for individuals with disabilities Family & Community Health. Smith RD, (2000). Promoting the health of people with physical disabilities: a discussion of the financing and organization of public health services in Australia Health Prom Int. 15, 79-86. 13(1), 11-22. Belize to receive IDB funds for health, education. (2009, Oct 07). BBC Monitoring Americas. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/460151112?accountid=32521

Module 5 case assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Module 5 case - Assignment Example The new strategies aim at eliminating promotion of products and focuses on selling the recognized brands. The promotion based pricing strategy was initially adopted by the company but latter the company undertook mark-up pricing strategy which made room for promotional discounts. However, the new everyday pricing strategy helped the company to set prices at a lower range and eliminated the need for higher sales price. There are several changes in the pricing structure of the company as the prices no longer ended in decimal number such as $9.99 etc rather whole figures are used for the products. The price tags of the products employed only one price and did not print the retailing price of the manufacturers. This trend of printing the retailing price in the product provided greater comparison pertaining to the amount of product that should be sold. The retailer has made important changes in assorting merchandise (Hess, 2011). The company focused on its mini-stores within larger ones and evaluated that the mini-stores are selling higher than the larger one. The new pricing strategy never gained any attention and thus it is unsuccessful in making any change to the situation. The consumers are not happy with the pricing strategies and the sales of the company declined steadily as time passed. The company encountered a loss of $3.3 billion in the first year of sales of Johnson plan. The amount increased as it approached the second year. The annual revenue of the company in 2011 declined 25% a sharp decline after 1987 (Henricks, 2010). As a result of the decline the CEO announced that the company will not use the everyday pricing strategy anymore and would return to the previous coupons and discounts and would focus on advertised sales (Henricks, 2010; Hill, 2010). 1) Everyday pricing is not correctly executed by the company as it sells many products and does not concentrate on a unique one. Everyday pricing is

Justifying the Patriots Act Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Justifying the Patriots Act - Research Paper Example Before delving on the validity and appropriateness of the Patriot Act, it is a must to take a stock of the typical American mindset and way of thinking. The opposition garnered by the Patriot Act could only be well understood when it is placed aside the essential American ethos and the values and norms that are dear to Americans. America is a nation that is devoted to the values of liberty and strongly shuns any law or arrangement that takes something out of the rights and privileges extended to the masses by the constitution of the United States of America. Though the detractors of Patriot Act abhor it as an intrusion into the privacy of the common Americans, a more balanced and sane approach towards this legislation establishes beyond doubt that it is a law that is pivotal to the security and safety of the United States of America (Browne 1). Before trying to wrest any strong opinion regarding the appropriateness and validity of the Patriot Act it is important to understand the tim es in which this legislation was conceived and the things it intended to do. The USA PATRIOT Act was act of the US Congress that was signed into law on October 26, 2001. It goes without saying that the Patriot Act was a response to the mayhem caused by the 9/11 terrorist acts and intended to safeguard the life and property of the American masses. As the full form of the Patriot Act that is Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act suggests, the purpose of the Patriot Act was to strengthen the arms of the America law and order agencies and the intelligence community by endowing to them a range of powers and possibilities. It is really worthwhile to delve on the provisions brought into existence by this act. The Patriot Act intended to safeguard civil liberties. It allowed the Secret Service to establish a nationwide electronic surveillance system and provided for the confiscation of the property of foreign persons engaging i n terrorist acts (Department of Justice 1). It widened the potential of the intelligence services to conduct surveillance on the terrorist elements, without being subservient to the consent of the courts (Department of Justice 1). This act intended to curtail the financial power of the terrorist groups and stressed a stronger border security (Department of Justice 1). The National Security Letters (NSL) provision of this act allowed access to the paper work related to the suspicious citizens, to the intelligence agencies (Department of Justice 1). It facilitated an enhanced sharing of information and inputs between the intelligence agencies and had provisions for extending compensation to the victims of terrorism (Department of Justice 1). The Patriot Act also brought in a range of crimes within the ambit of what is broadly defined as acts of terrorism (Department of Justice 1). The overall purpose of the Patriot Act was to bring about the sweeping changes that not only armed the la w and order institutions and intelligence agencies with the teeth they needed to wage a pragmatic war on the terrorist gro